Protesis, hernia, osteochondrosis - if they are diagnosed, the patients in the surgeons immediately hurry without conservative treatment methods, but this is wrong.
According to statistics, 84% of people injured at least once in their lives.The spine and the surrounding muscles are part of the musculoskeletal system.As a result, their damage is often accompanied by pain that can occur to the body or bodies of the head and body and become weaker in peace.Anatomically, the spine is shown by alternating vertebrae and intervertebral discs.The latter are subject to the degeneration process over time, which leads to the formation of projections and hernia.These structures can cause pain themselves and cause pain by compressing neighboring structures - nerve roots and ligaments of the spine.In some cases, you can cause a stenosis (narrowing) of the spine canal (space in which the spinal cord is located).
Among other things, the vertebrae are connected by paarfacetten joints, the structure is more stubborn than the intervertebral disc.Your damage in 15-65% of cases causes back pain.Up to 30% of the pain in the lower back area are due to the lesion of the sacred and illegal joint-a paired structure that connects the sacrum and the bones of the pelvis.Ultimately, every irritation increases the tone of the muscles, which causes a separate myofascial syndrome over time.
As a rule, physical activity leads to back pain, especially in cases where you become expressed or intensive or if you are generated in an unnatural pose or if you are connected to a long stay in a forced position, for example behind the bike of a car or on a desktop.The body weight and physical training of a person are of great importance, since the severity of the load is always relative.
What are the reasons for its development?
It is impossible to clearly refer to the causes of the development of osteochondrosis, but a number of factors that contribute to the occurrence of this disease can be displayed: poor physical development, a violation of metabolism in the body, the genetic predisposition, an inappropriate attitude, an extended stay in a pose (for example before the computer monitor), hypodynamy, hypodynamy, hypodynamy.As a rule, these reasons are combined with irrational nutrition.
What to do when there are pain in the back?
The most important rule is not medal to yourself!
First of all, it is necessary to reach an appointment with a neurologist or neurosurgeon.In order to determine a precise diagnosis, a comprehensive examination of the patient is necessary, which necessarily includes radiography of the spine and tomography (magnetic resonance or calculated X -ray. The purpose of this or this study should only be carried out by the cheap doctor on the basis of a specific clinical image.
The pharmaceutical supply of osteochondrosis of the spine includes not only the removal of pain syndrome, but also the elimination of the root.The doctor prescribes complex therapy (drug therapy, physiotherapy, acupuncture, balneotherapy)
The complex therapeutic care of osteochondrosis includes the correction of power and lifestyle (healthy and active lifestyle, the optimal volume of physical education), in some cases - medication of chondroprotectors that improve the condition of the cartilage tissue.
The main display for surgical treatment for degenerative-dystrophic spinal diseases is the inefficiency of conservative drug therapy for 4 to 6 weeks, the pain is not conscious and increased weakness in the legs that can be accompanied in a number of cases of urinary incontinence.An early and improper treatment in such situations can lead to a number of unwanted consequences and complications up to the disability.
Back pain is recognized as the most common.Experts explain this to the characteristics of human anatomy.The thing is that the spine is exposed to the life of a person: from the moment it rises on his feet in childhood until his death.The spine is subsided and sooner or later problems in almost everyone.The most common diagnoses made with back pain: "osteochondrosis" and "radiculite", while the patients often use them themselves and prescribe treatment without having advice.Even for these diagnoses, which, as is apparently apparently, heard, there are often reasons why only an experienced specialist can determine.
What hurts there?
In the vast majority (about 95%), the pain is associated with muscles, ligaments and joints.People are called to pull their backs.This pain is uncomfortable, but not impressive and in most cases alone in 2-3 days.
3-4% of the pain is with radiculopathy (radiculitis) - damage to the spine root.It is usually damaged by a hernia.The pain disappears when the edema, which is caused by compression, runs.
1-2% of back pain is caused by injuries or inflammatory diseases of the spine, oncological processes, diseases of the cardiovascular system or the gastrointestinal tract in which pain syndrome can go in the back.This is the most dangerous type of back pain.To rule out such pathologies, be sure to consult a doctor.
You cannot delay
The main indicator that you need medical care is the regularity of the pain.If you are twisted from time to time, nothing is most likely wrong.If the pain of low or medium intensity is relentlessly pursued, you cannot hesitate.It is urgent to consult a doctor if the pain is accompanied by a temperature increase or the pain grow against a background of treatment.
Types of pain
Doctors distinguish 3 types of pain that feel most often in the back.The doctor's task is to determine exactly what kind of pain the patient is concerned about the patient who contacted him, since each of them is treated exclusively in their own way.
Nociceptive painOr easier, pain in the receptors - in the skin, muscles, ligaments, joints - are considered the most common.The reasons that cause it in X rays or the use of computer tomography are usually not visible.In this case, the specialist makes the diagnosis based on the symptoms that the patient talks about.The causes of muscle cramp can be, for example, physical activity if a person leaned something heavy, strongly or a temperature difference (a frequent examples of exemplary air conditioning).This type of pain is treated with two types of medication.
Acute pain is treated with painkillers of anti -inflammatory medication and medication that relax the muscles.In this case there can be no other therapy.If pain syndrome is removed, we recommend that the patient strengthen the muscles through physical education.This is the treatment and prevention of the disease for the future.
Physical exercises not only contribute to strengthening the muscles, but also contributing to the production of endorphins as well as serotonin and norepinephrine in the body.These substances increase the pain threshold of a person and remove depressive mood.
Neuropathic painOr the pain of the nerve, people are more known as radiculitis.This type of pain in humans occurs in particular when the vertebral hernia increases and the nerve endings are stuck.At the same time, experts and the entire professional community warn of improper diagnosis in cases in which X -ray and use of MRI turn out that hernia or another type of spine wear is available, but it is not so important to influence the nerve.It is necessary to carefully understand the true cause of the pain.It is possible that a muscle cramp is to blame and this type of pain is completely different, and the treatment also differs.What is considered osteochondrosis manifests itself not only from pain, but also in the norm.
Osteochondrosis is a sign of aging the body.However, "osteochondrosis" and "pain" are not the same.Since there is practically no nerve endings in the bone tissue, the lead (the initial stage of the hernia of the intervertebral disc. - Auth.) Or a hernia cannot hurt.Even studies were carried out: MRTs were carried out, groups of people - they chose, mainly those who had never addressed a doctor with complaints about back pain, but they found hernia and osteochondrosis.
In addition, the doctor gives examples when patients received treatment - and they took place, although osteochondrosis remained in the picture.Osteochondrosis Today is a concept that is used locally.
There are countries in which the word "osteochondrosis" is not used at all.Last year they officially said that this diagnosis was made by the past generation neurologists.Abroad when the patient comes to the reception and says that his back hurts, he is diagnosed with non -specific pain in his back, but it is assumed that a person loads the muscles.
Confirmation that the pain is caused exactly by radiculitis and not by spasm, for specialists the symptom in the form of pain in the back of the back that gives the nerve in the leg is most common for specialists.
The cause of nerve pain can also be complications caused by diabetes and herpes.In diabetes mellitus, patients often complain about pain because this disease damages the nervous system.The postherpetic neuralgia is characterized by rash strips along the damaged nerve and accordingly pain.There are special drugs for the treatment of nerve pain.
Anti -epileptic and antidepressants are used to treat neuropathic pain.The name of the drugs of this orientation of patients often has to scare, so it is important that they explain that it increases antidepressants of the pain threshold.These are pain treatment standards.
Psychogenic painOr chronic.This type of pain is not caused by physical changes in the human body, its mental state changes.In this case, the symptoms torture the patient for a long time.At the same time, it usually hurts not only your back.
It happens that people come and all-my head, say back constant.You ask: something heavy?NO!And there is no clear localization.In this case, we can come to the conclusion that the patient has reduced the pain threshold and a pain analyzer who is in the brain is constantly feeling himself.It can cause pain in such a patient: overload, stress, a feeling of fear.
Anaesthesmen in this case do not help.Specialists usually prescribe antidepressants with chronic pain, physical education, but sometimes it is enough to find a reason with a psychologist or psychiatrist.
A young woman who complained about back pain: six months, he says, is tortured.I recommended going to a psychologist and physical education.A few days later she became completely healthy again without taking medication.The psychologist helped her understand that the cause of stressful pain: she had family problems, physical education helped to relax.
HomeThe most effective means are anti -inflammatory oral medication.Just don't overdo it - you are only safe for the first time.If used for a long time, such medication can cause ulcers and bleeding in the gastric mucosa.Traditional home treatment - not steroidal ointments - can only be used as an additional measure.They are harmless, but ineffective.Carset also provides relief - fixation discharges the spine, relieves cramps and limits sharp movements.Only the corset should be usually - elastic, do not warm up.
If the treatment has no effect for three days, you should consult a doctor who produces the blockade with anti -inflammatory injections.Due to the removal of cramps and the relaxation of the muscles, the pain leaves immediately and often forever.
Forbidden!
Bathroom and massage under the strict ban.They improve edema and pain.
Contact manual therapists in the newspaper.Manual therapy is the area in which each specialist is three hundred charlatans.If you really want to find a good doctor, you should contact certified clinics where graduated specialists work.
It is important to determine the tactics of the treatment correctly immediately.This should be done by a neurologist or neurosurgeon.It is dangerous to treat your back yourself.30% of the patients in the neurosurgical department tried the treatment methods at home and they brought themselves to a hospital bed.
If pills don't help
If drug treatment does not provide a therapist or a neuropathologist within 3 to 6 months and the pain continues to torture the patient, the doctor is obliged to pass on the patient to another specialist.In some situations, physiotherapy can provide considerable support.It is suitable for the first two types of pain: in receptors and nerves.Physiotherapy is prescribed patients with an allergy to medicines or stomach problems.
For this reason, the treatment goes through, but there is no effect, patients often get difficult with depression, so we approach their treatment of multidisciplinary with the participation of various specialists: neuropathologists, psychologists, physiotherapists, neurosurges.
The methods used by domestic physiotherapists are borrowed from Russian colleaguesintracanic electrical stimulation.Its principle is that a disposable special needle electrode that deals with the skin barrier to deliver directly in the pain focus.Diagnoses in which this procedure is prescribed, including a lead and hernia.According to experts, the procedure is pleasant and does not require pain relief.The effect can usually be felt after the first procedure.In total, they are assigned by 3 to 6.
It is also usedLaser therapy.This technology is also comfortable when it can be prescribed patients with different stimulants, including cardio and is not concerned that the failure occurs.The laser is not only used for the treatment of diseases associated with the problems of the spine, but also for the treatment of complications of diabetes and herpes sugar that have already been discussed.
The laser promotes good healing.In addition, the device improves the microcirculation in the spine itself, and on the basis of this, the performance of the discs improves.As a result, edema and inflammation are removed and the pain disappears.
blockade
A "blockade" in medicine is not new.In the event of severe pain, patients have been prescribed injections in the area in which the pain focus is located directly.Since then, little has changed in the Precinct clinics.In accordance with international recommendations, these procedures must only be carried out under control using special devices with which you can monitor the process in real time.The consequences of an unsuccessful injection can be very different: In the best case, the drug, which is not introduced if necessary, does not achieve the necessary effect in the worst case - this is affected with serious complications.
The introduction of the drug should be carried out under radiological control: fluoroscopy, CT, MRI, ultrasound, since the medication is specifically administered into the zone in which the source is pain.In the event that the doctor gets the wrong way, this is affected both with the patient's breath stop as well as with total spine anesthesia.
The essence of the blockade is that the inserted medicine from several months to six months prevents the impulse from spreading through the nerve, which is involved in the nervous pulse.Although this procedure does not guarantee a constant effect, it significantly improves the patient's quality of life: a person temporarily forgets pain, can sleep calmly or enter into your business.
Operation - pain load
If the drugs neither help - neither pills nor injections, if physiocracy is ineffective, neurosurgeons come to rescue.Modern technologies enable these experts to return to life without pain from patients who do not suffer for a year in a row.There are many methods: from manipulations with the most minimal intervention in the body to complex surgical operations with vertebral body prostheses.
With hernia that glued the nerve, the so -called specified so -called one of the most common and most effective methods is recognizedRadio frequency.In fact, this is a kind of blockade, only instead of a drug that only relieves pain for a while, an electrical current is used that can completely solve the problem.Often an ablation takes place according to the blockade, thanks to which doctors get a clear understanding of which nerve it is necessary to influence.The procedure is both paid and provided by quotas.
The procedure is carried out within 20 minutes.It is called surgery, but in fact it is a surgical manipulation that is carried out under local anesthesia that is necessarily under the control of special devices.First, pain syndrome is reproduced, and if the patient confirms that this is exactly the pain he normally experiences, we give a pulse discharge - and the pain is separated, so to speak.
In special cases, methods are usedNeurostimulationAmong them is the implementation of the electrode.The patient is carried out: the surgeon focuses on a small device in the focus of pain, which suppresses pain pulse in real time.Patients receive this procedure through quotas.
There are times when you have already carried out different types of surgical interventions, but pain syndrome has been preserved except for one or the other degree, then we set a stimulant - first in test mode, and if the desired effect is achieved, then we set it forever.This is an operation that is carried out with a small cut.The only thing is that the patient has to come to test control regularly.
What we risk
Many patients consider the risk of the operation to which it is shifted or rejected at all.In neurosurgery there are technologies with which you can calculate the effectiveness of the operation exactly and which symptoms disappear afterwards and which remain.
The likelihood of an extension of pain after the operation does not exceed 1-1.5%.Herbs in other places can really occur, but this is not a complication, but the spread of the disease, which often occurs in young undisciplined patients.As soon as the pain leaves, they return to the usual lifestyle: they drive behind the steering wheel and take the training again.And that is categorically impossible to do.
Is osteochondrosis responsible for everything?
Osteochondrosis is a chronic degenerative-dystrophic change in the intervertebral disc space.All people over the age of 25 have signs of osteochondrosis.It is impossible to avoid osteochondrosis, but you can protect yourself from his complications that cause back pain.
Why and not otherwise?
Do I have to spend the time, effort and money for treatment: tablets, injections, physiotherapy if you can do a small operation immediately and get rid of pain for everyone?- The patients have increasingly asked this question.The answer is usually clear: yes, you need!The thing is that the units reach operations with precise diagnosis and proper treatment.The rest of the pain will be released in the first stages of help - on average, 30% of the patients are output in every phase.
A mistake when people who had seen a lead or hernia in the picture ran immediately to the surgeon and dealt with the specialists of the previous support phases.In cases where the changes are insignificant, the operation is not necessary.In addition, the right lifestyle that deals with physiotherapy exercises can swim, monitoring the weight of his body - a person with the so -called osteochondrosis can feel healthy and have no pain.
It is important that the patient has a precise diagnosis at every stage and the correct treatment is prescribed.This can only be achieved in a collegial manner.According to the example of foreign experience, it is also proposed to introduce a new specialization, such as an algologist, a kind of therapist who specializes in pain, a doctor who has the knowledge of a neurologist and anesthesist interventionist who can be treated without surgery that cannot be led to an operation so as not to prevent the patient.